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Express Scripts Holding Company is a pharmacy benefit management (PBM) organization. It was the 25th-largest in the United States by total revenue as well as the largest pharmacy benefit management (PBM) organization in the United States.[2] Express Scripts had 2016 revenues of $100.752 billion.[2] Since December 20, 2018, the company has been a subsidiary of Cigna. The term “scripts” refers to the widely used clipped version of prescription. Headquartered in Greater St. Louis within unincorporated North St. Louis County, Missouri, Express Scripts provides integrated pharmacy benefit management services including network-pharmacy claims processing; home delivery pharmacy services; specialty pharmacy benefit management, through its subsidiary Accredo; benefit-design consultation; drug-utilization review; formulary management; and medical and drug data analysis services to manage drug plans for health plans, self-insured employers and government agencies (both as administrator of employee benefits and public assistance programs). One of its largest clients is the United States Department of Defense’s Tricare program.[4] Express Scripts also offers pharmacy benefit management services for workers’ compensation insurance programs. The program is accredited by URAC, the nation’s largest accrediting body for pharmacy benefit management companies. The company processes pharmaceutical claims for members through a network of retail pharmacies. Its own automated pharmacies dispense medications for chronic long-term diseases, such as diabetes or heart disease, directly to members by home delivery.[5]:4 On March 7, 2018, it was announced that Cigna would buy Express Scripts in a $67 billion deal.[6][7] On August 24, 2018, the shareholders of Cigna and Express Scripts approved the $67 billion deal.[8][9] The deal closed on December 20, 2018 at $54 billion, allowing Cigna to start offering new Express Scripts products to its corporate health insurance customers in 2019.